Infertility isn’t tangible; it isn’t a physical mark that can be touched or seen. But it can certainly be felt, and for many women, it becomes a feeling that is difficult to shake off. Often though, infertility isn’t governed by something that you’ve done or haven’t. It stems from specific conditions, some genetic, others acquired. The good news is that many factors that give rise to infertility can be addressed with tailored treatment plans.
If you’ve been struggling with conception and are wondering what your next course of action should be, this guide should help. Here, we spotlight an array of conditions tethered to infertility.
Male infertility is most often caused by a deficiency in sperm production, quality or delivery. It could also stem from functional disorders such as impotence.
Sperm production may be impaired by a variety of factors including inherited malformations, undescended testicles, diabetes and sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV, chlamydia and gonorrhoea.
The journey of sperm from the testicles to the urethra may be impeded by obstructions at one or more levels in the reproductive tract.
Environmental influences that form part of one’s ecosystem can affect sperm quality and production. Pesticides, radiation, cigarettes, alcohol and steroids can hinder sperm function. Also, persistent exposure to heat can increase the core body temperature, which can in turn lessen sperm circulation.
It’s worth preserving sperm prior to a cancer treatment, because conception may not be possible with sperm produced after treatments like chemotherapy and radiation.
Female infertility may be caused by factors such as ovulation dysfunction, uterine anomalies, tubal blockages and ovarian insufficiency.
The frequency of ovulation may be affected by hormonal disorders such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, hyperprolactinemia and thyroid dysfunction. Lifestyle influences such as eating disorders or extreme exercise regimens can also play a role in withholding ovulation.
Uterine anomalies may stand in the way of implantation of a healthy embryo. Possible abnormalities may stem from the cervical opening, uterine shape or size, or tumours along the uterine wall.
Endometriosis involves the growth of uterine lining tissue outside the uterus. This may affect organs such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterus.
When ovaries slow down prematurely, it may be a sign that the ovarian reserve is insufficient to achieve a healthy pregnancy. Menopause before the age of 40 is the most obvious indicator of primary ovarian insufficiency. The cause of the condition remains uncertain, although it is thought that genetic conditions, smoking, autoimmune diseases and exposure to cancer treatments may play a role.
There are several conditions that may lead to tubal damage or inflammation. These include pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and adhesions.
Pelvic adhesions are strips of scar tissue that clump together with organs as a result of surgical incisions, pelvic infection or appendicitis.
With the roster of modern treatments available today, most infertility conditions can be overcome with careful monitoring. Meet a fertility specialist on Cloudnine to learn your options. Infertility is easier to beat than you think; let us show you how.
Female infertility may be caused by several factors, such as Ovulation Dysfunction, Uterine Anomalies, Endometriosis, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, Tubal Blockages and Pelvic Adhesions. The age of the woman and other psychological factors, like stress, can also impact fertility.
Yes, a woman can become infertile after having a child, a condition called secondary infertility. Causes include: complications from previous childbirth or C-section, creating scar tissue or adhesions, age-related decline in egg quality and quantity, development of conditions like endometriosis or PCOS, uterine issues like fibroids or polyps, fallopian tube damage from infections, hormonal imbalances or thyroid problems, and lifestyle factors like significant weight changes or stress. If you've had a child before but are struggling to conceive again, consult a fertility specialist for evaluation and treatment options.
Signs of male infertility include: difficulty conceiving after one year of regular unprotected intercourse, problems with sexual function, pain, swelling or lumps in the testicle area, reduced facial or body hair indicating hormonal issues, lower than normal sperm count revealed in semen analysis, small or firm testicles, gynaecomastia (breast enlargement), recurrent respiratory infections and inability to smell. Many men with infertility have no obvious symptoms. If conception isn't happening, both partners should undergo a fertility evaluation.
Male infertility is not always permanent. Many causes are treatable, including hormonal imbalances corrected with medication, varicocele repaired surgically, infections treated with antibiotics, lifestyle factors improved, and blockages surgically corrected. However, some conditions cause permanent infertility: genetic disorders, severe testicular damage, complete absence of sperm production, and effects of certain cancer treatments. Even with permanent infertility, assisted reproductive technologies like IVF with sperm retrieval or donor sperm can help achieve pregnancy. Consult a fertility specialist for a proper diagnosis and treatment options.
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