It is a localised overgrowth of the endometrium which projects into the uterine cavity. It is attached by a pedicle which can either be sensible (broad -based) or pedunculated (on a narrow stalk) and can be single or multiple.
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Majority are asymptomatic some present with abnormal uterine bleeding (25-40% of cases) or incidental finding in ultrasound.
The incidence of polyp rises steadily with increasing age.
The risk of malignancy in polyps increases with age and carries a risk of 4.47% in symptomatic postmenopausal women.
The definite etiology of endometrial polyps is unknown. However, endometrial polyps are associated with endometrial hyperplasia; therefore, unopposed estrogen is considered to be risk factor.
Diagnosed by USG or saline infusion sonogram or by hysteroscopy which is the gold standard
Hysteroscopic polypectomy is recommended for younger women who wish to preserve fertility
In women with multiple endometrial polyps and not desirous of continued fertility, it is suggested to perform hysteroscopic polypectomy, may be followed by LNG -IUS insertion after confirmation of benign lesion on histopathology.
It is mandatory to send polyp for histopathology. If report suggests malignancy further proper management be done accordingly
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