Minor variations in the menstrual cycle like changes in amount or duration of flow or even spotting between periods is common. But if it persists and you experience bleeding that is very different from your regular periods, it calls for a visit to your gynecologist.
Any uterine bleeding that is not like your regular menstruation and which persist for months can be considered abnormal uterine bleeding. Changes in the duration of bleeding, the amount of blood loss, spotting off and on, passage of clots forms the spectrum of abnormal uterine bleeding. Most women in their reproductive years face some changes in their menstrual cycle and it necessarily does not indicate any underlying problem. But you must consult your doctor when it happens for consecutive months or starts to bother you at any level. These can be signs of some underlying conditions. AUB is more commonly found around menarche (the start of periods) and the years leading up to menopause.
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One of the commonest reasons for AUB is stress. Physical or mental stress can alter your period cycle. Other causes are excessive weight gain, unhealthy lifestyle, cyst and tumors in the ovaries and uterus, fibroid, polyps, PCOD and diseases like hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia. Rarely bleeding disorders and uterine cancer can be the reason.
A detailed history of the change in the menstrual cycle is the first and most important step in understanding the root cause. This is aided by a proper physical examination. If required, blood tests and ultrasound are recommended. Amongst other findings a pelvic ultrasound checks for the endometrial thickness of the uterus which is one of the factors to consider for the possibility of uterine cancer.
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AUB treatment depends on the diagnosis.
First line of treatment is healthy lifestyle changes. Most of them respond to eating healthy, regular exercise and weight loss. Second line of treatment is Medical management in the form of oral hormones and intrauterine devices. If that doesn't work then we consider surgical management. Surgical options include hysteroscopy, laparoscopy and hysterectomy.
In case of thickened endometrium uterine cancer is a possibility and, endometrial biopsy is the first recommendation. That guides us on planning the further treatment.
Early diagnosis and proper management prevents complications. Consult your gynecologist when you experience any persistent abnormal uterine bleeding.
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Abnormal uterine bleeding may be due to numerous factors, such as: • Abnormal growths within the uterus, like, for instance, fibroids, tumours, etc.. • Presence of medical conditions like endometriosis and adenomyosis. • Hormone imbalances caused by disorders like PCOS, thyroid diseases, etc. • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and other STIs."
"To maintain good uterine health and manage heavy bleeding during periods, it is best to adopt a diet that includes: • Iron-rich foods like spinach, legumes, quinoa, turkey, etc. • Fruits and vegetables that contain essential nutrients like vitamin B6, vitamin C, omega-3, etc. • Nuts and seeds • Magnesium-rich foods, like cashews, tofu, pumpkin seeds, mackerel, etc."
"To treat abnormal bleeding of the uterus, the underlying causes have to be diagnosed first. The diagnostic process may involve a series of tests, such as blood tests, along with imaging tests, like ultrasound scans, MRIs, etc. Based on the results, the healthcare provider could recommend any or all of the following: • Medications, like hormone pills, to help regulate abnormal hormone levels • Lifestyle changes to manage weight and diet • Medical procedures like hysteroscopy, laparoscopy etc."
To stop abnormal uterine bleeding naturally and without any medical intervention, adopt a healthier lifestyle. Make sure to prioritise good health by maintaining optimal weight through regular exercise and a balanced diet. At the same time, you'll need to avoid unhealthy food, stress and harmful substances like alcohol and tobacco. While it is quite possible to stop abnormal uterine bleeding this way, it is better to consult a doctor to rule out serious health issues.
